Peptides
Peptide therapeutics span FDA-approved drugs to research-only compounds with limited human data. Profiles cover pharmacology, mechanisms of action, clinical evidence, safety, and regulatory status.
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AOD-9604
AOD-9604 is a 16-amino-acid fragment lifted from the tail end of human growth hormone, engineered...
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Argireline
Argireline is a synthetic hexapeptide marketed as a gentler topical stand-in for botulinum toxin...
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BPC-157
BPC-157 is a synthetic 15-amino-acid fragment derived from a protein naturally found in human gas...
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Cerebrolysin
Cerebrolysin is a mixture of small peptides extracted from pig brain tissue, given by daily intra...
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CJC-1295
CJC-1295 is a lab-modified version of the hormone that tells the pituitary gland to release growt...
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Dihexa
Dihexa began as a small, orally active molecule derived from angiotensin IV that reportedly resto...
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DSIP (Delta Sleep-Inducing Peptide)
Delta sleep-inducing peptide was isolated from rabbit blood in 1977, named for an effect that lat...
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Epithalon (Epitalon)
Epithalon, also called Epitalon, is a four-amino-acid peptide (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) designed to mimic...
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GHK-Cu
When collagen breaks down it releases a three-amino-acid fragment that binds copper and doubles a...
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Ipamorelin
Ipamorelin is a five-amino-acid peptide that mimics ghrelin, binding to the GHSR-1a receptor on p...
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KPV
KPV is a three-amino-acid fragment clipped from the tail of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone,...
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Larazotide
Larazotide is a synthetic peptide designed to seal the gut wall when gluten breaks it open. Gliad...
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LL-37
LL-37 takes its name from its length, a 37-amino-acid peptide and the only cathelicidin the human...
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Matrixyl (Palmitoyl Pentapeptide-4)
Matrixyl tricks skin into behaving as though it has been wounded, switching on the same collagen...
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Melanotan-2
Melanotan-2 flips the same molecular switch responsible for tanning, appetite, and sexual arousal...
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MOTS-c
MOTS-c is a 16 amino acid signal hidden inside mitochondrial DNA, discovered only in 2015, that t...
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P21 (P021)
P21 is a short synthetic peptide engineered from a fragment of ciliary neurotrophic factor, modif...
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PT-141 (Bremelanotide)
PT-141, sold as Vyleesi, is a melanocortin receptor agonist that boosts desire by acting on the b...
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Retatrutide
Retatrutide is an experimental peptide that activates three metabolic receptors at once: GLP-1, G...
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Selank
Anxiety relief without sedation is the promise behind Selank, a seven-amino-acid peptide built by...
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Semax
Recovering from a stroke may get a boost from Semax, a synthetic fragment of the stress hormone A...
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Sermorelin
Rather than replacing growth hormone directly, Sermorelin coaxes the pituitary gland into making...
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SS-31 (Elamipretide)
Failing hearts and muscles often trace back to a single molecule inside mitochondria, and SS-31,...
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TB-500 (Thymosin Beta-4 Fragment)
TB-500 is sold as a synthetic fragment of thymosin beta-4, a protein found in nearly every cell t...
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Tesamorelin
Tesamorelin is a stabilized fragment of growth hormone releasing hormone that prompts the pituita...
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Thymosin Alpha-1
Thymosin alpha-1 is a peptide naturally released by the thymus gland, given as a small injection...
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Tirzepatide
Tirzepatide is a once-weekly injection that activates two gut hormone receptors, GIP and GLP-1, i...
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