Genetics Fundamentals
The foundational concepts that the rest of the site builds on: how DNA encodes information, how variants arise and are inherited, how genetic risk is estimated, and how genetic information enters clinical and longevity decisions. Educational content, never medical advice.
core biology
Chromosomes & Genome Organization
Two meters of DNA, roughly 3.1 billion base pairs, fit inside a nucleus a few microns wide by wra...
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DNA, RNA & Proteins: The Central Dogma
The central dogma describes how genetic information flows from DNA to RNA to protein, the basic i...
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Genetic Variants: SNPs, Indels, CNVs & Structural Variation
Every person carries roughly 4 to 5 million places where their DNA differs from the standard refe...
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Genotype vs. Phenotype
Two people can carry the identical disease-causing mutation and live entirely different lives, on...
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Inheritance Patterns
A single gene passes through a family in strikingly different ways depending on where it sits and...
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Introduction to Genetics
DNA is the instruction manual every cell reads to build proteins and decide what it becomes, from...
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Penetrance, Expressivity & Pleiotropy
Two people can inherit the same disease mutation and live different lives: one develops the illne...
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Polygenic Risk Scores
A polygenic risk score adds up the small effects of thousands of common DNA variants into a singl...
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